Afroasiatic etymology : Query result

Notes: Cf. EDE II, 291 (Eg-Brb.; the other forms quoted are not convincing); HSED 310 (Sem, Wlm. bɣr; Ch. 'goat'). Related to *bi/aḳaw- 'bull, buffalo'? Cf. Dolg ND 188

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *baḳʷ-

Meaning: pot, gourd bottle

Semitic: *baḳbūḳ- 'bottle'

Western Chadic: *ku-bak- 'clay gourd' (?)

East Chadic: *bwak- 'basket'

Central Cushitic (Agaw): *baḳw- 'gourd bottle'

Low East Cushitic: *buḳ- 'gourd'

High East Cushitic: *bukk- 'gourd' (?)

Omotic: *buḳk- 'gourd'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *baḳʷ-

Meaning: pour, flow

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *buḳ- 'pour out' 1, 'rain' (v.) 2

Berber: *bVḳ- 'dive into, sink'

East Chadic: *ḅwak- < *baḳ- 'rain (v.)' 1, 'ooze' 2

Central Cushitic (Agaw): *baḳw- 'flow'

Low East Cushitic: *baḳ- 'flow'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ba/iḫ-

Meaning: burn, be hot

Egyptian: bḫḫ 'burn' (reg)

Western Chadic: *ba/waH- 'heat' 1,'roast' 2

Central Chadic: *bVH- 'hotness' 1, 'fire' 2

East Chadic: *biHwa- 'grill, roast'

Notes: Otherwise Eg and WCh *bVḳḳ- <*bVq̇-

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ba/ir-

Meaning: blood

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Western Chadic: *bir-an blood

East Chadic: *bar- blood

Beḍauye (Beja): bo(o)y (<*bVr-?) 'blood'

Central Cushitic (Agaw): *birr- 'blood'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ba/ird_-awn- ~ *baʒ/ǯr- (?)

Meaning: mule; mare

Semitic: *ba/ird_-awn- ~ *baz/d_r- 'mule, horse'

Central Cushitic (Agaw): *bad/zr- 'mare' <Eth?

Saho-Afar: *badir- 'mare' < Eth?

Notes: Highly problematic. Two hypotheses: (1) a Cushitic term (borrowed into Proto-Eth.) related to Sem. *barid_- 'mule' with metathesis and (2) Sem. *ba/ird_-awn- ~ *bad_r- 'mule, horse' > Eth *bazr-at (borrowed into Cush).

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ba/uʔ-

Meaning: dig, hoe (v.)

Egyptian: bꜣ 'hoe' (v.) (OK)

Western Chadic: *buʔ- 'bury, dig' 1, 'hoe' (v.) 2

Central Chadic: *baʔ- 'dig' 1, 'burying' 2

Low East Cushitic: *boʔ- 'furrow'

Notes: Related to *baʔ/y/w- 'hole, pit' ?. Eg bꜣ may otherwise reflect *bVr- <AA *bay/wr- 'hoe', *by/wr ~ *ʔbr 'to cultivate, hoe'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ba/u(ʔ)r-ay- ~ *ba/urba/ur- (redupl.)

Meaning: flour, groats

Semitic: *burbūr- 'crushed wheat'

Berber: *-baray 'rough flour'

Egyptian: *bVrVy (>bꜣy 'grain food', bꜣy.t 'cake')

Western Chadic: *bar(bar)i 'flour, gruel'

Central Chadic: *buʔray- 'gruel, flour'

East Chadic: *bura 'flour '

Central Cushitic (Agaw): *bur- 'groats'

Low East Cushitic: *bur- 'flour'

Notes: Relative adjective derived from *bar- 'a cereal', with the meaning 'processed grain'?

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ba/ukir-

Meaning: (young) sheep, goat

Semitic: *bukr- 'reedbuck' (?)

Berber: *bakir 'young sheep, goat'

Western Chadic: *bukar- 'goat'

Central Chadic: *bV(n)kir- 'he-goat'

Notes: Cf. met. *bark- 'sheep/goat' (2536).

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ba/urVm-

Meaning: plaited cord

Semitic: *barVm- 'string' 1, 'cord made of two strings' 2

Western Chadic: *ta-barVm- 'mat'

Central Chadic: *bulim- 'plait' (?)

East Chadic: *buryam- 'cord'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ba/uṭ-

Meaning: vessel; bottom of a vessel

Semitic: *baṭ(ṭ)- 'vessel' 1, 'leather vessel' 2

Berber: *buṭ- 'bottom of a vessel'

Western Chadic: *ḅat- < *baṭ- 'gourd' 1, 'melon' 2 (?)

Notes: Scarce data. Related to *ba/uṭ(n)- 'belly'?

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ba/uṭ(n)-

Meaning: belly

Semitic: *baṭn- '(big) belly', *bʔṭ, bṭṭ 'lie on the stomach'

Berber: *buṭ- 'navel; belly'

Egyptian: bnd (med) 'difficult delivery' (?)

Western Chadic: *buṭ- 'belly, stomach'

Notes: Related to *ba/uṭ- 'vessel; bottom of a vessel' ?

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *bal-

Meaning: cloud, sky

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Central Chadic: *bal- 'sky' 1, 'cloud' 2

East Chadic: *bal- 'rain'

Beḍauye (Beja): bal 'cloud'

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *balaʕ-

Meaning: eat, swallow

Semitic: *bVlaʕ- 'swallow' 1, 'eat' 2

Central Cushitic (Agaw): *balVʕ- 'eat' < Sem

Notes: < Sem. *balVʕ/ɣ- < AA *balVʕ- 'uvula'. Agaw must be borrowed from Sem.

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ball-

Meaning: feather, wing

Semitic: *nu-ball- (<*mu-ball-?) 'eagle's feather'

Berber: *bulbul 'feather'

Western Chadic: *bV-bāl- 'shoulder' 1, 'arm' 2 - cf.

Central Chadic: *mu-bal- 'arm'1, 'shoulder' 2 - cf.

Saho-Afar: *bal- 'feather'

Low East Cushitic: *bal(l)- 'wing'

High East Cushitic: *ball(aʔ)- 'feather'

Omotic: *bal- 'feather'

Notes: If Chad forms are related with a meaning shift 'wing' > 'shoulder/arm', a variant stem with a prefix *mV- (dissimilated in Sem and assimilated in WCh) should be reconstructed as.

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *balVʕ-

Meaning: uvula, larynx

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *balVʕ/ɣ- 'uvula; gullet, gorge'

Berber: *bilbil ~ *bilul 'uvula'

Egyptian: bʕn (pyr) 'neck (of bird)'

Western Chadic: *bVlVʔ- ~ *bilbil- 'uvula' 1, 'uvular' 2, 'crop' 3

East Chadic: *bVl- 'throat, voice'

Beḍauye (Beja): balaʔa 'gullet'

Central Cushitic (Agaw): *bul- 'bull's hump' (?)

Saho-Afar: *biliʕ- 'necklace'

Omotic: *balaH- 'neck'

Notes: Metathetically related to *ɣilab- 'neck' ? Cf. EDE I 96; Bla Review 500.